Tori

5/6/11 On the Edge 3/23/11

Entry #1 Electrical Devices on the Mission to Mars

The first paragraph describes the difference between analog and digital signals, what diode, transistor, integrated circuits are, and the second paragraph describes why it is important for the Mission to Mars to have electronic devices.

An analog signal is a signal that runs smoothly, a digital signal doesn’t run as smoothly as an analog signal but it changes in jump or step. Semiconductors are helpful electronic devices because they can be put together to form electronic component with different combinations. Diodes, transistors, an integrated circuits are used to let current flow through them. Diodes are solid-state components that make current flow through one direction in p-type and n-type semiconductor. Transistors are solid-state components that can be used to amplify signals into an electronic switch; like an electronic switch. Integrated Circuits are things that are usually found in electronics stores that are very small such as the size of a pencil eraser. The integrated circuits are usually found in electronics like computers; they contain a large number of interconnected solid-state components that are made from a single chip of silicon.

It is important to have electronic devices in a space mission because without electricity there would be a lot of things that could work in space. The wheels on Spirit most likely would not work without electricity long with the camera. A lot of things get recorded in Space; you need electricity in the space mission because the information that is getting recorded would exist. The integrated circuit probably records the information, like a computer. It would be hard to make a mission to space without the electronic devices that record information, make the robot move, and take the pictures. The robots themselves are computers or electronic devices.

//Ms. Mc: Good overview of electronic components. Integrated circuits or ICs are miniaturized circuits within larger circuits so that the electronic device can be made smaller. Think about the size of the first cell phones compared to today's. You got a little mixed up between electricity and electronic devices in the second paragraph. Electronic devices require electricity to work but perform all sorts of functions like storing information (computers), analyzing soil (lasers), measuring (clocks), etc. Please include the entry # with the date and title for your entry. 8/10//

4/5/11 Entry #2 Rocket History

An inventor from Greece named Hero of Alexandria created a machine called the Hero Engine. The Hero Engine was a machine that turned water into gas/steam. The fire below the kettle would burn the water into steam. The water would then go through a sphere that the tubes were connected through. The pressure from the steam allowed the sphere to turn. This would happen while the steam was escaping. The machine was thought of as a rocket; the “rocket” could move on its own. Like gas produces a type of push allowing the machine to have inertia, until the water ran out. This machine helped other things be figured out like the rocket; though the time of the building of the first rocket is unknown. This contraption also led to the creating of the fireworks.



=== The first date that was reported was 1232 when the Chinese Mongols went to war. When the Mongols sent out explosives rockets were attached to sticks. They sent out bamboo tubes with chemicals in them and launched them when they were connected to arrows. The idea of the bazooka was thought of by Jean Froissart. Joanes de Fontana designed a torpedo to attack ships. After this the US and Soviet Union realized that they needed to advance their rocketry missiles like Redstone, Atlas, Titan were launched to space. First earth orbiting artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union called sputnik 1. Sputnik got its name from the English word satellite; Sputnik was shaped like a sphere and had four radiating radio antennae. The next launch was performed by a dog; the dog lasted in space for 7 days. Laika survived 7 days, but was put to sleep before the supply of oxygen ran out. The U.S. then launched a satellite in 1958. NASA was formed, astronauts traveled to the earth’s orbit and also into outer space. With the knowledge of outer space it made predicting the weather easier and communication easier. From 1232 rockets have progressed from gunpowder devices to large machines that travel into space (the unknown). ===



//Ms. Mc: Good overall summary of the history of rocketry. It always is good to include dates and the names of explorers/inventors when discussing history. Your paragraph on modern rocketry should have include the "father or aeronautics" and the father of modern rocketry. Very good drawings! Please include a figure # for all photos/drawings. 13.5/15//

4/4/11 Entry #3 Mission to Mars Voyage

media type="custom" key="8956694" Instructions:
 * 1) Use whatever button necessary to turn volume level to medium
 * 2) Use cursor to click on green flag in the top right hand corner in order to start.
 * 3) When done or finished watching press red button in the top right hand corner in order to stop.

4/13/11 Rocket Labeling



The Launch Lug is used to string onto the projector that launches the rocket. Once the rocket is attached to the projector the rocket is able to have a sturdy guide for when it launches. The projector also guides the rocket up so that it started going straight up inside of other directions. The Nose Cone splits the air so that is able to go straight up. The cone lowers the air resistance and the friction. When the Rocket Motor is ignited it causes a reaction which makes the gunpowder located in the motor mount. The gunpowder is like a firework, the force from the gunpowder pushes the rocket up. Without the recovery wadding the whole rocket would burn and/ or catch on fire. The recovery wadding prevents that. The fins keep the rocket going in a straight line and help direct the rocket. When gravity gets on the rocket the recovery system pops out: including the parachute, a rubber band that attaches to the nose cone, and the strings that attach the strings to the parachute. Without the recovery system it would be hard to locate the rocket after it's flight and keep all the parts together. The body tube keeps all of these items intact and working. Without the body tube the items would either fall apart or not work.

// Ms. Mc: Very nice labelled diagram and good explanation of the function of each rocket part! Don't forget to include an entry # for each entry (-1/2). 19.5/20 //

4/14/11 Data Relationships



<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; line-height: 200%;">INTRODUCTION The purpose of this experiment was to find out how the mass of different rockets affected the apogee of the different rockets. Another purpose would be to calculate the apogee of the rockets and compare the mass to the apogee. When the rocket was launched off the launching pad gravity was acting on the rocket. When lift-off occurs thrust pushes the rocket up. At coasting there was both air resistance and gravity; when the rocket coasts gravity is still current, Newton’s 2nd Law can relate (f=ma). When the rockets reached apogee gravity and inertia become equal, when gravity overcomes inertia the rocket comes to the ground (gently) with the help of the parachute. It was hypothesized that the mass would affect the flight pattern of the rocket; if the weight was heavy the apogee of the rocket would decrease. When the weight is small the rocket will fly higher, and have a higher apogee. <span style="color: #00cc00; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 200%;">SUMMARY Of the seven rockets, the mass of my rocket was 43.5 grams; the distance from the Launch Pad was 100 meters for all of the rockets. All of the masses weren’t the same but they were close, as seen in Graph #1. The Average Altitude Angle was 33 degrees; the apogee for my rocket was 65 meters. It was thought that the mass would affect the apogee. The mass wasn’t the highest and neither was the apogee. As seen in Graph #1 the highest mass was 44.5, the apogee for that rocket, highest apogee. The average altitude angle was pretty low, although it was thought that it didn’t have much to do with the apogee. It was also thought that the mass affected the apogee a little bit. The data had no relationship because there was not a clear pattern. The hypothesis was wrong; the rocket with the most mass has the highest apogee. The mass of the rockets could have varied by the amount of paint used by each rocket designer, the apogee measurers, the wind, the different balances, or the small sample sizes. These could all vary the apogee.

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<span style="color: red; display: block; font-family: 'Berlin Sans FB',sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: center;">Quarks and Galaxies

Quarks are what make up neutrons, electrons, and protons that are made up of smaller particles. These are made up of tiny particles. The protons have two "ups" and one "down". The ups represent two-thirds, and the downs represent negative one-third, shown in Figure 2.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0in;"> <span style="color: #b3a2c7; font-family: 'MS UI Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 24px; line-height: 27px;">A galaxy is a group of stars or matter of what was in the solar system before the Big Bang. The matter was trapped together by gravity. There are different types of galaxies: spiral, irregular, and elliptical. The disks of the galaxies are made up of gas, and dust, shown in Figure 3.

Ms. Mc: Good answers and pictures. You were to answer how many types of quarks there are for #1 as well (-1). Also, the up and down quarks have different fractional charges as you mentioned buy you didn't say they were charges. Don't use a figure unless you actually know what it is (fig. 2) (-/1/2) and please include an entry #. 8.5/10

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<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Bodoni MT Condensed',serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 115%;">5/6/11 <span style="color: yellow; display: block; font-family: 'Berlin Sans FB',sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: center;">On the Edge

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">On the Edge Block

The purpose of the Challenge: On the Edge is to show how the robot can detect a difference in lighting and react to the change. When the lighting changes, the robot will react by using the code that is downloaded on it beforehand. In this challenge the robot will use its sound sensor and wait for a sound. Once the robot registers the sound, it should start to move straight; once the robot registers a change in lighting (the blue tape at the edge of the table), the robot will stop and say the words that are programmed. The first block is telling the robot to wait for a command, such as go, to start moving. The wait block with a sound sensor connected to port 2, tells the robot to wait for a sound that is greater than 60. The second block tells the robot to move when it receives the sound, at 75%. This block connects to the wheels forever how long it takes to find the light change (called unlimited). The third block tells the robot to use the light sensor that is attached to port 3. To find a light change that is less than 25. The fourth block tells the robot to stop once it finds the tape at the end of the table (the light change). The block is connected to servomotors B and C without moving. The fifth block tells the robot to play the programmed sound. The sound in this program was “Watch out!” with 75% volume.

Block Descriptions: <span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Block 1: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> A sound block that tells the robot to listen for a sound. <span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Block 2: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">A motion block that tells the robot to move after it hears a sound; while using 75% power. <span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Block 3: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> A wait block that tells the robot to use the light sensor to find out where the edge of the table was. <span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold',sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Block 4: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> This block is a motion block that tells the robot to stop when it senses the edge of the table. <span style="font-family: 'Arial Bold',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Block 5: <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> A sound block that tells the robot to say whatever sound that is programmed, which in this case was “Watch out!”

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